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本文尝试采用翻译教学的功能途径指导学生如何理解、研究汉语散文及其英语译文。以现代汉语散文名篇《背影》为例,从系统功能语言学经验功能的视角,研究《背影》及其三个极具特色的英语译文,集中探讨分析《背影》的过程类型和英译文,其中包括篇章分析、过程例示、过程类型分布、汉英文本过程分布的共性和差异等。结果发现:1)其共性是使用不同语言的人们的经验世界使翻译成为可能;语篇中过程类型与体裁有关,其中物质过程在叙事散文语篇中尤为凸显;2)其差异在于汉语散文中的物质过程比率远高于英译文的物质过程,表明了汉语谓词中心语、英语名物化的特点;3)文化的不同也是导致汉语散文与其英译文语言表达不同的原因。本文旨在帮助学生充分理解《背影》的英译文,通过翻译教学的功能途径,为汉英散文翻译教学和研究带来启示。
This article tries to use the translation method of teaching to guide students how to understand and study Chinese prose and its English translation. Taking the backface of modern Chinese essay as an example, from the perspective of systematic functional linguistic experience function, this paper studies “back view” and its three distinctive English translations, focusing on the analysis of “back shadow” process types and English translations, of which Including discourse analysis, process examples, process type distribution, the commonalities and differences of Chinese and English text process distribution. The results show that: 1) the commonalities are that the experience world of people using different languages makes translation possible; the type of the process in the discourse is related to the genre, of which the material process is particularly prominent in the narrative prose; and 2) the difference lies in the Chinese prose Of the material process is much higher than the English translation of the material process, indicating the Chinese predicate center, the nominalization of English characteristics; 3) the cultural differences are also leading to the Chinese prose and English translation of the language of the reasons for the difference. The purpose of this article is to help students fully understand the English version of Back Language and to bring inspiration to translation teaching and research in Chinese and English through the functional approach of translation teaching.