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为了使机车在碰撞过程中吸收更多的能量,达到提高机车被动安全性的目的,设计了一种预制螺旋槽薄壁管结构。通过非线性有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA对3种不同薄壁管结构进行了数值分析,并研究了螺距、螺旋角和半圆形螺旋槽直径对预制螺旋槽薄壁管的吸能性能的影响。研究表明:(1)半圆形螺旋槽薄壁管相比圆形管和矩形管具有更好的吸能性能,可作为一种新型薄壁管吸能元件;(2)螺距对螺旋形薄壁管的吸能效果具有很大的影响,在0.17 m时吸能效果最好;(3)当半圆形螺旋槽的直径大于5 mm时,吸能性能会出现急剧下降;(4)螺旋角几乎不影响吸能效果。
In order to make the locomotive absorb more energy during the collision and achieve the purpose of improving the passive safety of the locomotive, a prefabricated spiral groove thin-walled tube structure is designed. Three kinds of thin-walled tube structures were numerically analyzed by nonlinear finite element software ANSYS / LS-DYNA. The effects of helical pitch, helix angle and semi-circular helical groove diameter on the energy absorption performance influences. The results show that: (1) the semicircular spiral groove thin-walled tube has better energy absorption capacity than the circular tube and the rectangular tube and can be used as a new type of thin-walled tube energy-absorbing element; (2) The energy absorption effect of the wall tube has a great influence, and the energy absorption effect is the best at 0.17 m. (3) When the diameter of the semicircular spiral groove is larger than 5 mm, the energy absorption abruptly decreases. (4) Angle almost does not affect the energy absorption effect.