小麦开花灌浆期,是夺取丰产的重要时期,合理的田间管理,可以延长功能叶的寿命,防止根系早衰,提高小麦的光合强度和产量。一、灌浆期籽粒的物质来源。在灌浆期,营养物质迅速运往籽粒并累积起来。养分的来源,一方面靠植株中贮存的物质,另一方面靠绿色器官当时的同化产物。据研究,小麦抽穗开花以后,各部位器官有的重量增加,有的则减少。增加重量的器官主要是穗,其次上部一、二节间,第三节间和旗叶叶鞘也略有增加;其他部位均减少。抽穗开花到成熟,籽粒增重的物质来源,约有7/8是靠抽穗后的光合作用累积。由此可见,抽穗后的光合产物,对籽粒增重起着重要作用,这是要加强小麦灌浆期田间管理的依据之一。 Wheat flowering filling period is to capture an important period of high yield, reasonable field management, can extend the life of functional leaves, to prevent premature root failure and improve photosynthetic intensity and yield of wheat. First, the grain source of grain during grain filling. During the filling stage, nutrients are rapidly transported to the grain and accumulated. The source of nutrients, on the one hand by the plant material stored, on the other hand by the assimilation of green organs at the time. According to the study, after heading and flowering of wheat, the weight of each part organ increased, while others decreased. The organs that increased weight were mainly spikes, followed by the upper one, two, third and flag leaf sheaths slightly increased; the other parts were reduced. Approximately 7/8 of the material sources from flowering to maturity and grain weight gain are accumulated by photosynthesis after heading. Thus, photosynthetic products after heading play an important role in grain weight gain, which is one of the bases to strengthen field management of wheat during grain filling.