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高强度利用下设施蔬菜地的施肥过量问题导致了土壤质量的严重退化,合理施肥是维持蔬菜地生产力和可持续发展的重要措施.本研究比较了常规施肥和优化施肥两种施肥方式下连续种植番茄和辣椒后土壤理化性质、线虫群落及蔬菜产量的差异.结果表明:优化施肥处理土壤p H显著高于常规施肥处理,且番茄和辣椒产量分别提高了9.0%和6.9%.与常规施肥相比,优化施肥提高了土壤线虫数量和食细菌线虫的相对多度,但降低了食真菌线虫和植食性线虫的相对多度.两季蔬菜种植过程中,不同施肥处理土壤寄生线虫成熟指数、多样性指数和丰富度指数无显著差异.优化施肥土壤线虫通路比值(0.67~0.84)显著高于常规施肥(0.39~0.64),前者土壤食物网的分解途径以细菌为主,而后者则为真菌控制.综合土壤理化性质、线虫数量和群落及蔬菜产量指标,优化施肥措施能够在促进蔬菜生长的同时,显著改善土壤生态环境.
The problem of excessive fertilization in vegetables under high intensity utilization resulted in serious degradation of soil quality, and reasonable fertilization was an important measure to maintain productivity and sustainable development of vegetables.In this study, the effects of conventional fertilization and optimized fertilization on continuous cropping The results showed that the soil p H was significantly higher than the conventional fertilization treatment and the yield of tomato and pepper was increased by 9.0% and 6.9%, respectively.Compared with the conventional fertilization phase Compared with the control, soil fertility improved the number of soil nematodes and the relative abundance of bacterial nematodes, but decreased the relative abundance of fungi nematodes and phytophagous nematodes.Mature indices and diversity of soil parasitic nematodes under different fertilization treatments There was no significant difference between index and abundance index. The ratios of soil fertilization nematode pathways (0.67-0.84) were significantly higher than those of conventional fertilization (0.39-0.64). The former was dominated by bacteria while the latter by fungi. Based on the physical and chemical properties of soil, the number of nematodes and community and vegetable yield indexes, the optimized fertilization measures can promote the growth of vegetables At the same time, significantly improve the soil environment.