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通过对深部倾斜煤层沿空掘巷掘、采两阶段围岩应力场与位移场的分析,揭示了该类巷道围岩非对称大变形特征:窄煤柱帮与底板变形量远大于实煤体帮及顶板,巷道整体断面收敛率大。产生该变形破坏特征的原因:1)巷道埋深大,围岩处于较高的应力环境中;2)护巷煤柱宽度及支护阻力过小,使其过早进入残余承载阶段;3)无支护底板作为变形破坏能量主要释放通道,加剧了巷道顶帮围岩整体下沉。通过对不同宽度护巷煤柱方案的数值模拟,合理确定了试验巷道护巷煤柱宽度及试验巷道支护技术与参数。工程实践表明,采用新支护技术后,巷道窄煤柱与底板非对称变形大变形得到了有效控制,保持了巷道长期稳定。
Through the analysis of stress field and displacement field of surrounding rock during excavation and mining of deep inclined seam along the goaf, the deformation characteristics of surrounding rock in this kind of roadway are revealed. The deformation of narrow coal pillar and floor is much larger than that of real coal Bang and roof, the overall convergence rate of large roadway. The causes of the deformation and failure characteristics are as follows: 1) The depth of the roadway is large and the surrounding rock is in a high stress environment; 2) The width of supporting coal pillar and the supporting resistance are too small to allow it to enter the residual bearing stage prematurely; 3) Unsupported floor as a major source of deformation and destruction of energy release channel, exacerbated the overall top rock roadway sinking. Through the numerical simulation of scheme of coal pillar with different widths, the width of coal pillar and the support technology and parameters of roadway are determined reasonably. Engineering practice shows that after the new supporting technology is adopted, the large deformation of the narrow coal pillar and the floor of the roadway is effectively controlled, and the long-term stability of the roadway is maintained.