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目的对中国-哈萨克斯坦(中哈)边境阿拉山口口岸地区捕获的野生鼠类体表寄生蚤与游离蜱进行巴尔通体核酸检测,为该地区鼠传疾病提供风险预警和依据。方法于2016年1-9月采集鼠类体表蚤及游离蜱,进行形态学鉴定,提取蚤类全基因组,采用PCR扩增巴尔通体gltA、ITS和ribC基因,阳性产物进行Blast分析,利用Mega 6.0软件构建分子遗传进化树。结果共采集蚤2 139匹,隶属于6属7种,其中臀突客蚤为优势蚤种;采集游离蜱243只,均为亚洲璃眼蜱。其中臀突客蚤、叶状切唇蚤突高亚种和后弯怪蚤均检测到巴尔通体DNA片段,蜱中未检测到巴尔通体阳性片段。通过测序得到3株不同基因的巴尔通体序列,gltA、ITS和ribC的DNAman同源性分别为93.61%、52.54%和86.72%。Blast比对和进化树分析结果与Bartonella sp.AL01、02、04相同。结论中哈边境阿拉山口口岸地区3种鼠体寄生蚤均携带巴尔通体。
OBJECTIVE: To carry out Barr-Bartonella nucleic acid test on wild rat parasitic fleas and ticks harvested at the Alashankou Port border of China-Kazakhstan border (China-Kazakhstan), so as to provide risk warning and basis for the rat-borne diseases in this area. Methods From January to September, 2016, fleas and ticks were collected from the body surface of the flea and morphologically identified. The whole genome of the fleas was extracted. The gltA, ITS and ribC genes of Bartonella were amplified by PCR and the positive products were analyzed by Blast. 6.0 software to build molecular genetic tree. Results A total of 2 139 fleas were collected, belonging to 6 genera and 7 species, of which fleas were dominant fleas; 243 free ticks were collected, all of which were Eyelash asiatica. Barr’s Bartonella DNA fragments were detected in H. hippocampus, P. tabaci and A. maculata, and no Bartonella-positive fragments were detected in ticks. The Bartonella sequences of three different genes were obtained by sequencing. The DNAman homologies of gltA, ITS and ribC were 93.61%, 52.54% and 86.72%, respectively. Blast alignment and phylogenetic tree analysis are the same as Bartonella sp. AL01, 02, 04. Conclusion All the three parasitic fleas in the Alashankou Border Area of China-Kazakhstan border carry Bartonella.