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我国结核病疫情严重,是全球结核病高负担国家之一。结核病控制尤其是耐多药结核病和广泛耐药结核病控制形势不容乐观。耐药结核病已成为威胁人类健康的公共卫生问题。对结核病的早期诊断、规范治疗是控制耐药结核病流行的有效措施。实验室检查是诊断耐药结核病的重要手段。提高结核病的治疗效果,研发新的抗结核药物能有效遏制结核病流行。应不断采用结核病诊断治疗新技术。建立有效的耐药结核病防治体系,加强对耐药结核病的监测,能进一步控制结核病的发生和发展。作者从耐药结核病的定义和分类、流行情况、诊治情况和防控对策4个方面进行综述。
The serious epidemic situation of tuberculosis in our country is one of the countries with high burden of tuberculosis in the world. Tuberculosis control, especially MDR-TB and XDR-TB control, is not optimistic. Drug-resistant tuberculosis has become a public health problem that threatens human health. Early diagnosis of tuberculosis, standardized treatment is an effective measure to control the prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis. Laboratory tests are an important tool to diagnose drug-resistant TB. Improve the treatment effect of tuberculosis, develop new anti-tuberculosis drugs can effectively stop the tuberculosis epidemic. The new technology of TB diagnosis and treatment should be continuously used. Establish an effective drug-resistant tuberculosis prevention and control system to strengthen the monitoring of drug-resistant tuberculosis, to further control the occurrence and development of tuberculosis. The author reviews the definition and classification of drug-resistant TB, prevalence, diagnosis and treatment and prevention and control measures.