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一、英国《民事诉讼规则》中的被告答辩行为20世纪末,英国民事司法遭遇了前所未有的危机。高昂的诉讼费用、漫长的诉讼周期、严重的诉讼拖延、复杂的诉讼程序引起了当事人和律师的严重不满,也引起了立法者的高度重视。1994年,英国司法大臣兼上议院院长迈凯勋爵委任上诉法院民事审判庭首席法官沃尔夫勋爵对英格兰和威尔士地区的民事司法制度进行了全面的评审并提出改革意见。沃尔夫勋爵进行了细致而广泛的基础调研,形成了《接近正义》(Access to Justice)的关于英格兰和威尔士的民事
First, the United Kingdom, “Civil Procedure Rules” defendant respondent behavior At the end of the 20th century, the United Kingdom civil justice suffered an unprecedented crisis. The high cost of litigation, the lengthy litigation cycle, the serious delays in litigation and the complicated litigation process have caused serious dissatisfaction among parties and lawyers and also attracted the attention of legislators. In 1994, Lord Mayfair, Lord Mayor of the United Kingdom, Minister of Justice and Lords of the House of Lords, appointed Chief Justice Wolff Lord of the Court of Appeal to conduct a comprehensive review of the civil justice system in England and Wales and put forward reform proposals. Lord Wolf made a detailed and extensive basic research, forming the “Access to Justice” Civil Code for England and Wales