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目的探讨雌、雄中华鳖肾组织的微细结构特征及意义。方法利用甲苯胺蓝半薄切片和透射电镜超薄切片技术,研究20只雌、雄中华鳖肾脏组织结构。结果雌、雄中华鳖肾脏肾小管的近端小管和中间段上皮细胞结构存在一定差异,表现在雄性的近端小管立方上皮细胞之间含有侧细胞间隙,基底膜与基膜之间存在基底细胞间隙。侧细胞间隙内分布有由质膜形成的指状突起,细胞基底间隙中分布由基底膜形成的基底迷路。雌性近端小管立方上皮细胞间无侧细胞间隙和基底间隙。雌、雄鳖的中间段上皮细胞也表现出与近端小管立方上皮细胞相似的形态差异,即雄性肾小管的中间段立方上皮细胞间存在侧细胞间隙和基底间隙,间隙内分布有细长的指状突起,而在雌性肾小管的中间段上皮中无侧细胞间隙和基底间隙。雄性中华鳖近端小管上皮细胞有3种:主细胞、秃头细胞和基底细胞;与雄性不同,雌性的近端小管上皮仅有亮、暗两种上皮细胞。结论雌、雄中华鳖肾脏近端小管和中间段的上皮组织结构存在性别差异。侧细胞间隙和基底间隙仅存在于雄性近端小管和中间段上皮细胞之间,上皮组织细胞之间的侧面间隙与细胞基底间隙应与物质运输有关,提示雄性近端小管的尿液重吸收能力和中间段上皮的尿液浓缩能力可能较雌性的强。
Objective To investigate the microstructure and significance of renal tissue in female and male juvenile soft-shelled turtle Methods Toluidine blue semi-thin sections and transmission electron microscopy ultra-thin section technique were used to study the structure of kidney in 20 female and male Chinese softshell turtles. Results There were some differences in the structure of proximal tubule and middle segment epithelial cells in renal tubules between female and male Chinese softshell turtles. The results showed that there were side-cell interstices between male proximal tubule epithelial cells, basal cells existed between basilar membrane and basement membrane gap. Within the lateral cell gap, there are finger-like protrusions formed by the plasma membrane, and the basement lamella formed by the basement membrane is distributed in the interstitial space of the cells. Female proximal tubule epithelial cells without lateral intercellular space and interstitial space. Epidermal cells in the middle segment of the female and male turtles also showed morphological differences similar to that of the proximal tubular epithelial cells, ie, lateral interstitial spaces and basal interspaces were present between the middle epithelial cells of the male tubules. Slender Finger-like projections, while in the middle of the female tubular epithelial cells in the epithelium and lateral interstitial space. There are three types of proximal tubule epithelial cells in male Chinese soft-shelled turtle, the main cell, the bald cell and the basal cell. Unlike the male, the proximal tubule epithelium of the female has only light and dark epithelial cells. Conclusion There are gender differences in the epithelial tissue structure between the proximal tubule and middle segment of kidney and male kidney. Lateral cell gap and basal space exist only between male proximal tubules and middle segment of epithelial cells. The interstitial spaces between epithelial cells and the interstitial cells should be related to the transport of the substance, suggesting that the male proximal tubule urine reabsorption capacity And the middle of the epithelium of urine concentration ability may be stronger than females.