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以内蒙古自治区黄旗海流域霸王河上游地区为研究区,运用农业政策与环境拓展模型APEX(Agricultural Policy Environmental eXtender)对流域径流和产沙量进行模拟。采用集宁水文站1983-1996年径流和产沙量的实测值对模型进行校准,并用1997-2011年径流和产沙量的实测值验证模型。运用Nash-Suttcliffe系数(Ens)、决定系数(R2)、平均百分误差的绝对值(APE)评价模型在黄旗海流域的适用性。采用Ens>0.3,R2>0.5,APE≤25%作为模型适用性评价标准。结果显示校准期Ens在0.43~0.75之间,R2在0.52~0.81之间,APE<20%,验证期除年产沙量的R2<0.5,其他评价指标数值都在评价标准内。说明APEX可用于模拟不同气候和土地管理条件下黄旗海流域的水文和水土流失过程,并对研究我国北方农牧交错带水文和生态过程具有潜在的应用价值。
Taking the upstream area of Baowang River in Huangqihai catchment of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as study area, the runoff and sediment yield of the basin were simulated by Agricultural Policy Environmental eXtender (APEX). The model was calibrated with the actual measured values of runoff and sediment yield at Jining Hydrological Station from 1983 to 1996, and the model was verified with the measured values of runoff and sediment yield from 1997 to 2011. The Nash-Suttcliffe coefficient (Ens) was used to determine the applicability of the model (R2) and the average percentage error (APE) in Huangqihai watershed. Ens> 0.3, R2> 0.5 and APE≤25% were adopted as the evaluation criteria for model suitability. The results show that the calibration period Ens is between 0.43 and 0.75, R2 is between 0.52 and 0.81, APE is less than 20%, and R2 is less than 0.5 in the verification period except for annual sediment yield. Other evaluation indexes are all within the evaluation criteria. This indicates that APEX can be used to simulate the hydrological and soil erosion processes in Huangqihai basin under different climate and land management conditions and has potential application in studying the hydrological and ecological processes in the ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry in northern China.