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在现代电冶金中,电渣重熔是有效地去除钢中非金属夹杂物主要手段之一。但电渣重熔去除夹杂物机理的研究还存在着分岐。电渣重熔有三个阶段:1.电极端头熔滴形成期;2.熔滴滴落穿过渣池阶段;3.铸锭顶端液态金属熔池凝固阶段。为了查明哪一阶段是精炼主要阶段。我们制取了自耗电极原始金属;电极端头金属熔化薄膜;渣池中的金属熔滴及凝固铸锭金属试样。用金相法,化学分析法及放射性同位素(Zr~(95)O_2)方法测定各阶段提纯效果及夹杂物去向。研究得出结论:电渣重熔去除钢中非金属夹杂物主要发生在电极熔化端头。上述结论在工业试验中得到进一步验证。
In modern electrometallurgy, ESR is one of the main means to effectively remove non-metallic inclusions in steel. However, the study of the mechanism of removing inclusions by ESR still exists the disagreement. Electroslag remelting has three stages: 1. Electrode tip drop formation period; 2. Drops dripping through the slag pool stage; 3. At the ingot liquid metal pool at the top of the solidification stage. In order to find out which stage is the main stage of refining. We made the consumable electrode original metal; the electrode tip metal melt film; the metal slag in the slag pool and the solidified ingot metal sample. Metallographic method, chemical analysis and radioactive isotope (Zr ~ (95) O_2) method were used to determine the purification effect and the orientation of inclusions in each stage. Research concluded that: ESR removal of non-metallic inclusions in the steel melting occurs mainly in the terminal. The above conclusion is further verified in industrial tests.