临床治疗血液系统恶性疾病达到完全缓解(CR)后,体内仍残留少量恶性肿瘤细胞(106~108),即微小残留病(MRD)。微小残留病的存在是血液系统恶性肿瘤复发和移植失败的根本原因,因此MRD的动态检测,对血液系统恶性疾病的预后有极其重要的意义〔1〕。以往应用PCR技术体外扩增肿瘤细胞只 Clinical treatment of malignant hematological malignancies to achieve complete remission (CR), the body remains a small amount of malignant cells (106 ~ 108), the minimal residual disease (MRD). The existence of minimal residual disease is the root cause of recurrence and transplantation failure of hematological malignancies. Therefore, the dynamic detection of MRD is extremely important for the prognosis of hematological malignancies [1]. In the past, PCR techniques were used to amplify tumor cells in vitro only