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目的分析西藏地区藏族儿童支气管肺炎合并缺铁性贫血(IDA)的病因、贫血程度与缺铁性贫血之间的关系。方法用回顾性分析法,分析该院2011-2013年收治的藏族儿童支气管肺炎合并缺铁性贫血186例。结果 186例患儿中重症肺炎组贫血程度重于轻症支气管肺炎组,2组血红蛋白(Hb)、血清铁(Fe)比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),母乳+每天辅食(糌粑)喂养≥3次和单纯母乳喂养组贫血程度重于混合喂养组,3组喂养方式比较有统计学差异(χ~2=5.550,P<0.001),婴幼儿组IDA发病率高于其他组(χ~2=10.182,P=0.017),农村发病率高于城市(占74.2%),贫血程度与海拔高度无统计学意义(χ~2=1.636,P=0.651)。结论支气管肺炎病情程度与IDA贫血程度有一定相关性,贫血程度重者,肺炎病情程度亦相对较重。贫血程度与年龄、特有喂养方式、居住地域等有着密切关系。西藏儿童贫血患儿发病率较内地其他地区高,贫血程度严重影响患儿的健康,对重点人群的早期筛查及指导喂养,及时、及早正确添加强化铁食物或铁剂,加强对科普知识宣传及缺铁性贫血的危害性健康教育等有着一定的重要意义。
Objective To analyze the relationship between the incidence of anemia and iron deficiency anemia in Tibetan children with bronchial pneumonia complicated with iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Methods A retrospective analysis was used to analyze 186 children with bronchial pneumonia and iron deficiency anemia admitted to our hospital from 2011 to 2013. Results Anemia in severe pneumonia group was higher than that in mild bronchopneumonia group. There were significant differences in hemoglobin (Hb) and serum iron (Fe) between the two groups (P <0.05), breast milk + daily food supplement (P <0.001). The incidence of IDA in infants and young children was higher than that in other groups (χ ~ 2 = 5.550, P <0.001) (χ ~ 2 = 10.182, P = 0.017). The incidence rate in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas (74.2%). There was no significant difference in anemia and altitude (χ ~ 2 = 1.636, P = 0.651). Conclusion The severity of bronchopneumonia is related to the degree of anemia in IDA patients. The degree of anemia is severe, and the severity of pneumonia is relatively heavy. The degree of anemia is closely related to age, specific feeding methods, living area and so on. The prevalence of children with anemia in Tibet is higher than that of other parts of the Mainland. The degree of anemia seriously affects the health of children. Early screening and guidance of key populations are carried out. Iron-fortified foods or iron supplements are promptly and correctly added to publicize popular science knowledge And iron deficiency anemia harmful health education has a certain significance.