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【目的】球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)和蜡蚧轮枝菌(Verticillium lecanii)是国内外目前研究应用最广泛的杀虫生防真菌,欲扩大其防治范围、增强防治效果、降低生防成本。【方法】采用共发酵技术,通过组合菌株产孢能力和杀虫毒力比较试验,确定蜡蚧轮枝菌和球孢白僵菌共发酵的可行性。【结果】蜡蚧轮枝菌L-31和球孢白僵菌Q-55共发酵的最佳配比为1:1时,按10%总量接种于发酵培养液中(培养液按酵母膏5.0 g/L、葡萄糖20.0 g/L、麦芽糖提取物5.0 g/L、KH2PO43.0 g/L、黄小米200.0 g/L,pH 6.5配制),23.0°C±0.1°C恒温静置发酵12 d,共发酵液的含孢量可达1×109CFU/mL以上,杀虫毒力比较强,其对温室白粉虱和菜青虫可同时显效,处理9 d后的致死中浓度LC50分别为2.09×104±0.12 CFU/mL和3.17×105±0.11 CFU/mL,发酵液浓度为1×108CFU/mL时的致死中时间LT50分别为2.11±0.14 d和4.27±0.43 d,温室小区试验校正防效在80%以上,与其各单一菌株发酵液的防效之间存在显著性差异。【结论】通过两株生防真菌的共发酵研究,为杀虫真菌的扩谱增效以及植物害虫的有效防治提供科学依据和有效途径。
【Objective】 Beauveria bassiana and Verticillium lecanii are the most widely used insecticidal biocontrol fungi at home and abroad. They are intended to expand the scope of prevention and treatment, enhance the control effect and reduce the biocontrol cost. 【Method】 The feasibility of co-fermentation of Verticillium lecanii and Beauveria bassiana was determined by the co-fermentation technology through the comparison of sporulation ability and insecticidal virulence of the combined strains. 【Result】 The optimal ratio of L-31 and Beauveria bassiana Q-55 co-fermentation was 1: 1, and 10% of the total amount was inoculated in the fermentation broth 5.0 g / L, glucose 20.0 g / L, maltose extract 5.0 g / L, KH2PO43.0 g / L, yellow millet 200.0 g / L, pH 6.5), 23.0 ° C ± 0.1 ° C d, the spore content of the total fermentation broth reached more than 1 × 109CFU / mL, strong insecticidal virulence, its greenhouse whitefly and cabbage caterpillars can be markedly effective, the lethal concentration after treatment 9 LC50 were 2.09 × 104 ± 0.12 CFU / mL and 3.17 × 105 ± 0.11 CFU / mL respectively. The lethal time LT50 of the fermentation broth at 1 × 108 CFU / mL was 2.11 ± 0.14 days and 4.27 ± 0.43 days, respectively. More than 80%, and its single strain of fermentation broth between the control effect of significant differences. 【Conclusion】 The co-fermentation study of two biocontrol fungi provided a scientific basis and an effective approach for the spread of insecticidal fungi and the effective control of plant pests.