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逆向思维是一种创造性思维,它与通常的思维程序不一样,不是从原因(或条件)来推知结果(或结论),而是从相反的方向展开思路,分析问题,从而得出结论.纵观物理学的发展历史,逆向思维在科学探索中往往孕育着伟大的发现和创新.如物理学家法拉第从电产生磁的现象中得到启发,他从反方向思考并提出创见:磁能不能产生电呢?经过10年的艰辛努力,反复实验,终于发现了电磁感应原理,再如物质波的提出,1923年,德布罗意受到爱因斯坦光量子说的启发,提出了他的大胆设想:既然光量子论把过去认为本质上是波的光加以粒子化,那么把问题倒过来考虑.过去认为本质上是粒子的东西、是否也是具有波动性呢?1924年他进一步提出一个假设:波粒二象性不只是光子才有,一切微观粒子,包括电子、质子和中子
Reverse thinking is a kind of creative thinking. It is not the same as the usual thinking process. It does not infer the result (or conclusion) from the cause (or condition), but starts from the opposite direction, analyzes the problem, and draws a conclusion. Viewing the history of physics, reverse thinking often breeds great discoveries and innovations in scientific exploration. If physicist Faraday is inspired by the phenomenon of electricity generation by electricity, he thinks from the opposite direction and proposes ideas: magnetic energy cannot produce electricity. After 10 years of hard work and repeated experimentation, the principle of electromagnetic induction was finally discovered. Like the proposal of the material wave, in 1923, De Broglie was inspired by the quantum theory of light by Einstein and put forward his bold idea: Light quantum theory has particleized the light that used to be considered to be a wave in essence, and then considered the question in reverse. What used to be considered as particles in essence in the past was also fluctuating? In 1924, he further proposed an assumption that wave and grain images Sex is not just a photon, all microscopic particles, including electrons, protons and neutrons