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分子间的作用力一般可以分为两大类。一类是化学力或称短程力。这类作用力就是化学键。另一类是长程力,就是平常所指的分子间力。分子间力是决定物质的许多物理性质的原因之一。例如沸点、熔点等存在着一定的规律性。这些规律性可以用分子间力来解释。又如某些物质(像惰性气体)虽然以单原子存在不能生成双原子分子,但却能生成水合物。这也可以用分子间力来解释。同样,物质为什么能液化,物质间为什么能够溶解。这些问题也要归结于分子间力。这些问题是学化学和物理的人所常遇到的问题。
Intermolecular forces can generally be divided into two categories. One is chemical or short-range force. Such forces are chemical bonds. The other is long-range force, which is usually referred to as intermolecular force. Intermolecular forces are one of the reasons that determine many of the physical properties of matter. Such as boiling point, melting point, there is a certain regularity. These regularities can be explained by intermolecular forces. Another example is that some substances (such as inert gas) can not generate diatomic molecules in the presence of a single atom, but can generate hydrates. This can also be explained by intermolecular forces. In the same way, why substances liquefy and why substances dissolve. These problems are also due to the inter-molecular force. These questions are often encountered in chemistry and physics.