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目的:了解丽水地区农村围绝经期妇女的健康现状和保健需求,为改善农村围绝经期妇女健康状况提供帮助,为建立农村围绝经期妇女保健服务模式提供依据。方法:采用多阶段随机组群抽样方法,选取丽水地区农村40～55岁的妇女540人为调查对象,使用统一问卷进行入户现场调查。结果:在540例接受调查的妇女中,月经正常或基本正常306例,月经紊乱119例,绝经115例,自然绝经平均年龄为(49.21±2.18)岁。围绝经期综合征发生率为78.1%,主要症状为骨关节肌肉痛380例,失眠355例,头痛316例,头晕心悸316例,烦躁不安281例,易激动292例。不同年龄组别之间的妇女生存质量状况比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。只有17.4%妇女了解围绝经期知识,围绝经期激素补充治疗(HT)率2.4%;仅有35.6%的围绝经期妇女1～2年内有过健康体检。结论:丽水地区农村妇女保健意识薄弱,围绝经期综合征发病率高。开展农村妇女围绝经期的全科医疗卫生保健服务,加强围绝经期综合征的综合防治,有利于提高农村妇女的健康水平和生存质量。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the health status and health care needs of rural perimenopausal women in Lishui area, to provide assistance to improve the health status of rural women in perimenopausal period, and to provide basis for establishing the rural health service model for perimenopausal women. Methods: A multistage randomized cohort sampling method was used to select 540 women aged 40-55 in rural Lishui region as the survey subjects. Results: Of the 540 women surveyed, 306 were normal or basically normal, 119 were menstrual disorders, and 115 were menopause. The mean age at natural menopause was (49.21 ± 2.18) years. The incidence of perimenopausal syndrome was 78.1%. The main symptoms were 380 cases of myalgia of the joints and joints, 355 cases of insomnia, 316 headaches, 316 dizziness and palpitations, 281 irritability and 292 cases of irritability. The quality of life among women of different age groups was significantly different (P <0.01). Only 17.4% of women knew about perimenopausal knowledge, and the perimenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HT) rate was 2.4%. Only 35.6% of the perimenopausal women had a healthy physical examination within 1 to 2 years. Conclusion: Rural women in Lishui City have a weak awareness of health care and have a high incidence of perimenopausal syndrome. Carrying out peri-menopausal general medical and health care services for rural women and strengthening the comprehensive prevention and treatment of perimenopausal syndrome are beneficial to improving the rural women’s health and quality of life.