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植物品种改良在农业生产的发展过程中将始终处于重要地位，是农业科研的主要研究任务之一。古代植物品种改良途径主要是凭经验对自然变异进行人工选择，缺乏科学理论的指导。现代植物品种改良的理论和技术有了很大突破，杂交育种、诱变育种、杂种优势利用、染色体工程育种、细胞工程育种和基因工程育种等多种育种途径的开拓和应用，使植物品种改良向快速、高效、定向的方向发展。在常规方法的基础上，引进、开拓、运用各种现代化育种技术，相互补充、综合运用，形成以常规育种为基础，多种现代育种技术相结合的技术体系，是今后植物品种改良途径的发展趋势。
Plant variety improvement will always be in an important position in the development of agricultural production, which is one of the major research tasks in agricultural research. Ancient plant variety improvement approach is mainly based on experience of artificial selection of natural variation, the lack of guidance of scientific theory. There have been great breakthroughs in the theory and technology of modern plant variety improvement. The development and application of breeding methods such as crossbreeding, mutagenesis, utilization of heterosis, chromosome engineering, cell engineering breeding and genetic engineering breeding have greatly improved the plant variety To fast, efficient, directional direction. On the basis of the conventional methods, the introduction, development and utilization of various modern breeding technologies complement each other and comprehensively use them to form a technical system based on conventional breeding and integrating many modern breeding technologies, which is the way for the improvement of plant varieties in the future trend.