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目的了解近年来常熟市肺结核病的流行特征,为今后的肺结核预防控制工作提供依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集常熟市2005—2015年肺结核疫情资料以及人类免疫缺陷病毒(感染者)/艾滋病(患者)(HIV/AIDS)病例资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行统计分析。结果 2005—2015年常熟市共报告肺结核7 351例,年平均发病率36.42/10万,呈缓慢下降趋势;男性患者明显多于女性,性别比为2.65∶1;职业以农民和民工居多,占66.49%;HIV/AIDS合并肺结核发生率为4.82%。结论常熟市肺结核疫情控制取得了一定的成效,但形势依然严峻,应进一步加大健康教育宣传力度,重视老年人健康检查工作,做好HIV/AIDS病例中肺结核的筛查,尽早发现、治疗和管理流动人口肺结核患者,根据不同人群的特点加强肺结核的防制措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Changshu in recent years and provide evidence for the prevention and control of tuberculosis in the future. Methods The data of epidemic situation of pulmonary tuberculosis from 2005 to 2015 in Changshu City and the data of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) / AIDS (HIV / AIDS) from 2005 to 2015 were collected from China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The descriptive epidemiological method was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 7 351 pulmonary tuberculosis cases were reported in Changshu City from 2005 to 2015, with an annual average incidence of 36.42 / 100 000, showing a slowly decreasing trend. The male patients were significantly more than those with females with a sex ratio of 2.65: 1. Occupation was dominated by peasants and migrant workers 66.49%. The incidence of HIV / AIDS complicated pulmonary tuberculosis was 4.82%. Conclusion The control of outbreak of tuberculosis in Changshu has achieved some success. However, the situation is still grim. Health education should be stepped up to publicize the health checkup of the elderly and make screening of tuberculosis in HIV / AIDS cases as early as possible. Management of migrant tuberculosis patients, according to the characteristics of different groups to strengthen the prevention and control of tuberculosis.