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目的:了解治愈后肺结核病人群的膳食营养、防病知识现状及其行为变化情况。方法:采用病例-对照研究方法调查分析治愈后肺结核患。结果:病例组基础营养知识知晓率为46.65%,低于对照组60.61%(P<0.01);高血压等慢性病防治知识知晓率为39.66%,低于对照组46.37%(P<0.01);结核病防治知识知晓率为75.84%,高于对照组70.39%(P<0.01);糖尿病防治知识知晓率为47.63%,与对照组51.68%没有明显差别(P>0.05)。在体格及行为变化方面,病例组平均体重为58.64kg,高于患病时61.21±9.84kg(P<0.01);病例组平均BMI为21.93kg/m2,低于对照组平均BMI23.11kg/m2(P<0.01);病例组抽烟人数、饮酒人数均少于患病前(P<0.01),抽烟量及饮酒量亦低于患病前(P<0.01)。结论:应提高患者基础营养与疾病知识,改变其不良的膳食、行为习惯。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the dietary nutrition, the status quo of disease prevention knowledge and the change of behavior of patients with post-cure pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods: A case-control study was conducted to investigate the post-cure tuberculosis. Results: The awareness rate of basic nutritional knowledge in case group was 46.65%, which was lower than that in control group (60.61%) (P <0.01). The awareness rate of prevention and treatment of hypertension and other chronic diseases was 39.66%, lower than 46.37% (P <0.01) The awareness rate of prevention and treatment knowledge was 75.84%, which was higher than 70.39% of control group (P <0.01). The awareness rate of prevention and treatment of diabetes was 47.63%, which was not significantly different from 51.68% of control group (P> 0.05). In terms of physical and behavioral changes, the average body weight of case group was 58.64kg, higher than the prevalence of 61.21 ± 9.84kg (P <0.01); the average BMI of case group was 21.93kg / m2, which was lower than the average BMI of 23.11kg / m2 (P <0.01). The number of smokers and drinkers in the case group were less than those before the illness (P <0.01). The smoking and drinking amount were also lower than those before the illness (P <0.01). Conclusion: Knowledge of basic nutrition and disease of patients should be improved and their poor diet and behavior habits should be changed.