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免疫系统区室化(compartmentalization)是近年提出的一个新观念,为人们从整体和局部两方面进一步了解免疫系统提供了新的视角,且有助于对临床疾病免疫机制的阐释。最近肾脏免疫系统区室化现象也已引起人们重视。肾小管损伤和肾间质纤维化是各类肾脏疾病发展到终末期肾衰竭的重要原因和共同通路,也与肾小管间质免疫区室的局部微环境调控密切相关,并涉及区域内树突状细胞等专职免疫细胞,以及具有免疫特性肾小管上皮细胞的共同作用及相互调节,由此影响着肾脏疾病的发生、发展及预后。因此,从肾脏免疫区室化角度进一步探讨肾小管间质损伤机制,有助于深入分析肾脏疾病的病变过程,并可为相关研究及临床诊治提供新的思路。
The compartmentalization of the immune system is a new concept put forward in recent years. It provides a new perspective for people to understand the immune system both holistically and locally, and helps explain the immune mechanisms of clinical diseases. Recently, the phenomenon of compartmentalization of the immune system of the kidney has drawn great attention. Renal tubule injury and renal interstitial fibrosis are the important causes and common pathways of all kinds of renal diseases developing to end-stage renal failure. They are also closely related to the regulation of local microenvironment of tubulointerstitial immune compartments and involve dendrites in the region Like cells and other immune cells, as well as immune cells with the common tubular epithelial cells and mutual regulation, which affects the occurrence of kidney disease, development and prognosis. Therefore, to further explore the mechanism of tubulointerstitial injury from the perspective of renal immune compartmentalization is helpful to further analyze the pathological changes of renal disease, and provide new ideas for related research and clinical diagnosis and treatment.