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我科近２年来共收治各型病毒性肝炎１１９１例，发生院内感染４１例，发生率为３．４４％。其中慢性重型肝炎和肝炎后肝硬化伴发院内感染的发生率分别为４０．９１％和１５．１４％。伴发的院内感染中最多的疾病是自发性腹膜炎占３９．０２％（１６／４１例），其次是肺内感染占３６．５８％（１５／４１例）。细菌培养阳性率为３４．１５％（１４／４１例），血培养阳性率为１４．６３％（６／１４例）。药敏结果提示对肝炎伴发院内感染首选头孢唑啉钠（３．０ｇ／１２ｈ）静滴，疗效好，未见毒副作用发生。
In recent 2 years, our department has treated 1191 cases of various types of viral hepatitis and 41 cases of nosocomial infection, the incidence was 3.44%. The incidence of chronic severe hepatitis and posthepatitic cirrhosis with nosocomial infection were 40.91% and 15.14% respectively. Spontaneous peritonitis accounted for 39.02% (16/41 cases) with the most frequent nosocomial infections, followed by pulmonary infections (36.58%, 15/41 cases). The positive rate of bacterial culture was 34.15% (14/41 cases), and the positive rate of blood culture was 14.63% (6/14 cases). Susceptibility results suggest that cefazolin Sodium (3.0g / 12h) is the first choice for hepatitis associated with nosocomial infection, with good curative effect and no toxic or side effects.