目的:筛选出与多囊卵巢综合症(PCOS)相关的特异表达基因,以期阐明PCOS的发病机制。方法:将本实验室自主建立的PCOS来源和非PCOS来源的人胚胎干细胞(hESCs)系定向分化成脂肪细胞,应用北京博奥生物有限公司的晶芯?人类全基因组寡核苷酸微阵列芯片检测不同来源脂肪细胞中的差异基因。结果:PCOS来源和非PCOS来源的人胚胎干细胞均成功诱导分化成了脂肪细胞,共筛选出2种脂肪细胞中的差异表达基因153个,其中PCOS来源脂肪细胞上调表达91个,下调表达62个。挑选上调表达的6个基因进行Real-time PCR验证,与基因芯片检测结果一致。结论:PCOS和非PCOS来源hESCs分化的脂肪细胞在基因表达上有差异,这些差异基因很多涉及糖、脂代谢,并与甾体激素相关,进一步研究后有部分基因可作为PCOS发生、发展的候选基因。 OBJECTIVE: To screen specific genes related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in order to clarify the pathogenesis of PCOS. METHODS: PCOS-derived and non-PCOS-derived human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) autonomously established in our laboratory were differentiated into adipocytes. The whole genome of Human Genome Oligonucleotide Microarray Differential genes in adipocytes from different sources were detected. RESULTS: 153 PCOS-derived and non-PCOS human embryonic stem cells were successfully differentiated into adipocytes. A total of 153 differentially expressed genes were detected in two kinds of adipocytes, including 91 up-regulated and down-regulated expressions of PCOS-derived adipocytes . The 6 genes up-regulated were selected for Real-time PCR validation, which was consistent with the results of the gene chip test. CONCLUSION: Differentially expressed adipocytes differentiate into hESCs from PCOS and non-PCOS genes. These differentially expressed genes are mostly involved in glucose and lipid metabolism and are associated with steroid hormones. After further study, some genes may be candidates for PCOS development and development gene.