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人类白细胞抗原G(HLA-G)是一种非经典HLA-Ⅰ分子,特异性高表达于绒毛外滋养细胞,其初级转录产物经过不同的剪接可形成至少7种亚型。组织特异性和低多态性的HLA-G,协同妊娠子宫最主要的免疫细胞子宫自然杀伤(uNK)细胞,诱导母胎界面的免疫耐受,促进滋养细胞和胎盘的生长发育。HLA-G在滋养细胞的正常表达,是维持妊娠的必要条件,其表达异常可能导致病理妊娠如妊娠期高血压疾病等。
Human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G), a non-classical HLA-I molecule, is highly expressed in extravillous trophoblasts and its primary transcripts undergo different splicing to form at least seven subtypes. Tissue-specific and low-polymorphism HLA-G, which coordinates the uterine natural killer (uNK) cells, the most important immune cell in the pregnant uterus, induces immune tolerance at the maternal-fetal interface and promotes the growth and development of trophoblast and placenta. The normal expression of HLA-G in trophoblasts is a necessary condition to maintain the pregnancy. Abnormal expression of HLA-G may lead to pathological pregnancy such as hypertensive disorder of pregnancy.