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目的了解湖州市自然人群病毒性肝炎感染情况与流行病学特征。方法在湖州市按农村山区、平原水乡、城镇,随机抽取1 666名健康人为研究对象,用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清甲型肝炎(甲肝)病毒抗体(抗-HAV)、乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)、乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc)、乙肝病毒e抗原(HBeAg)、乙肝病毒e抗体(抗-HBe)、丙型肝炎(丙肝)病毒抗体(抗-HCV)、戊型肝炎(戊肝)病毒抗体(抗-HEV),同时调查相关危险因素。结果湖州市自然人群的HAV、乙肝病毒(HBV)、HEV标化流行率分别为53.93%、36.47%、38.88%,抗-HCV阳性2例,未发现丁型肝炎病毒(HDV)感染者;HAV流行率与年龄呈正相关(r=0.944),城镇、平原水乡HAV流行率的差异有非常显著的统计学意义(P<0.01);HBV流行率<10岁儿童最低,为4.93%;HBsAg携带率为4.14%,<10岁儿童携带率为0;人群HBV标志物存在11种不同组合模式。HEV流行率随年龄增长而逐渐升高(r=0.993),城镇和平原水乡与山区HEV流行率的差异有非常显著的统计学意义(P<0.001),且存在家庭聚集性现象。结论湖州市病毒性肝炎主要流行型别为甲、乙、戊型,流行病学特征各不相同;HEV流行率较高,HBV流行率较低,HCV流行率低,未发现HDV感染者;HBsAg携带率低;乙肝疫苗接种效果明显。
Objective To understand the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis in Huzhou natural population. Methods A total of 1 666 healthy volunteers were randomly selected from rural mountainous regions, plain water towns and urban areas in Huzhou City. Serum samples of hepatitis A (anti-HAV) and hepatitis B (hepatitis B) were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) ) HBsAg, HBsAg, HBcAg, HBeAg, HBeAg, Hepatitis C (anti-HBe) Hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV), hepatitis E (hepatitis E virus) antibody (anti-HEV), and investigate the related risk factors. Results The prevalence rates of HAV, HBV and HEV in Huzhou population were 53.93%, 36.47% and 38.88%, respectively. There were 2 positive cases of anti-HCV and no hepatitis D virus (HAV) The prevalence was positively correlated with age (r = 0.944). There was a significant difference in the prevalence of HAV between urban and plain water townships (P <0.01). The prevalence of HBV among children <10 years old was 4.93% Was 4.14%. The carrying rate of children under 10 years of age was 0. There were 11 different combinations of HBV markers in the population. The prevalence of HEV gradually increased with age (r = 0.993). The prevalence of HEV in urban and plains was significantly higher than that in mountainous areas (P <0.001), and there was a phenomenon of familial aggregation. Conclusions The main epidemic types of viral hepatitis in Huzhou are A, B and E, and their epidemiological characteristics are different. The prevalence of HEV is high, the prevalence of HBV is low, the prevalence of HCV is low and no HDV is found. HBsAg Low carrying rate; hepatitis B vaccination effect is obvious.