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在抗寒梨杂交育种工作中,杂种性状是通过杂交使两亲本的遗传物质发生重组,以选择双亲优良的基因,而产生抗寒质优的新类型。因此,研究亲本性状的遗传规律,选择优良亲本,对杂交育种是非常重要的。本研究是在公主岭进行的(北纬43°31′、东经124°48′、海拔203米),气候严寒,平均气温5.4℃,年最低气温-30℃。为了培育抗寒梨新品种,我所从五十年代起就开始了杂交育种工作,培育出了制罐品种“大梨”以及“苹香梨”、“2—26”等品种品系。为了进一步总结抗寒梨杂交育种经验,初步研究了抗寒梨主要经济性状的遗传倾向,以供梨育工作者参考。
In the crossbreeding of cold-resistant pear, the hybrid trait is the recombination of the genetic material of the parents through crossbreeding, so as to select the good genes of the parents and generate the new type of the excellent cold resistance. Therefore, it is very important to study the genetic law of parents traits and select the fine parents for crossbreeding. The study was conducted in Gongzhuling (latitude 43 ° 31 ’, longitude 124 ° 48’, elevation 203 m). The climate is cold with an average temperature of 5.4 ℃ and an annual minimum temperature of -30 ℃. In order to cultivate new varieties of cold-resistant pear, we have started crossbreeding work since the 1950s and cultivated varieties such as “Big Pear” and “Pingxiang Pear” and “2-26”. In order to further summarize the experience of crossbreeding in cold-resistant pear, the genetic tendency of the main economic traits of cold-resistant pear was preliminarily studied for the reference of pear breeding workers.