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在实际的跟踪情况中,由于环境条件、目标反射截面等因素的变化,回波信号的功率会随时间变化,即不满足通常阵列信号处理中对高斯信号作平稳性的假设。针对复杂运动条件下高斯非平稳目标的跟踪问题,提出了一种新的机动目标波达角(DOA)模型。该模型全面地刻画了高斯非平稳机动目标的动态,并将目标的DOA和信号功率作为状态变量进行了联合考虑,同时运用虚拟阵列的表示方法构建了相应的观测方程。对于建立的新模型,最后采用无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)的框架完成了整个跟踪算法。分析和仿真结果表明,当高斯非平稳机动目标之间存在长时间相互接近的情况时,新方法仍然可以获得较好的跟踪性能。
In the actual tracking situation, the power of echo signal changes with time due to the change of environmental conditions and target reflection cross-section, which means that the assumption of the stability of Gaussian signal in normal array signal processing is not satisfied. Aiming at the tracking problem of Gaussian non-stationary targets in complex motion conditions, a new DOA model of maneuvering targets is proposed. The model comprehensively depicts the dynamics of Gaussian non-stationary maneuvering targets. The DOA and signal power of the target are considered as state variables. At the same time, the corresponding observational equations are constructed by the virtual array representation. For the new model established, the whole tracking algorithm is completed by unscented Kalman filter (UKF) framework. The analysis and simulation results show that the new method can still get a good tracking performance when the Gaussian non-stationary maneuvering targets are close to each other for a long time.