论文部分内容阅读
目的了解上海市长宁区2011-2015年手足口病聚集性疫情的流行特征,为开展更加科学有效的防控措施提供依据。方法收集长宁区2011-2015年手足口病聚集性疫情数据信息,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果2011-2015年长宁区共报告手足口病聚集性疫情227起,涉及病例839例,占总报告病例的24.47%(839/3 429)。聚集性疫情高峰集中在3-6月(51.10%,116/227),主要发生在托幼机构70.93%(161/227)。疫情发生后1 d内报告的占16.30%(37/227);疫情持续时间1~18 d,中位数为4 d,四分位数间距为2~6 d。疫情持续时间与措施反应时间呈正相关(r=0.318,P=0.001)。EV71引起的暴发高峰集中在5-6月,早于Cox A16和其他肠道病毒的流行高峰(6-7月)。聚集性疫情病原以EV71为主,占40.94%(70/171);每个季度病原检出种类不同,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=13.799,P=0.032)。结论及时开展手足口病聚集性疫情调查处置可有效减少疫情持续时间,长宁区手足口病不同流行期病原检出种类不同。建议5-6月应积极开展监测,重点关注EV71引起的聚集性疫情,警惕重症病例发生。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Changning District of Shanghai from 2011 to 2015 and provide a basis for more scientific and effective prevention and control measures. Methods Data of aggregated outbreaks of HFMD in Changning District from 2011 to 2015 were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 227 HFMD cases were reported in Changning District from 2011 to 2015, involving 839 cases, accounting for 24.47% (839/3 429) of the total reported cases. The peak of the cluster epidemic concentrated in March-June (51.10%, 116/227), mainly in kindergartens 70.93% (161/227). The epidemic situation reported within 1 d accounted for 16.30% (37/227); the duration of the epidemic 1-18 d, the median was 4 d, interquartile range of 2 ~ 6 d. The duration of the outbreak was positively correlated with the response time (r = 0.318, P = 0.001). The outbreak peak caused by EV71 was concentrated in May-June, earlier than the prevalence peak (June-July) of Cox A16 and other enteroviruses. The main pathogens of EVOC were EV71, accounting for 40.94% (70/171). There were significant differences in the types of pathogens detected each quarter (χ ~ 2 = 13.799, P = 0.032). Conclusion The timely investigation and treatment of aggregated epidemic situation of hand-foot-mouth disease can effectively reduce the duration of the epidemic. Different types of hand-foot-mouth disease in Changning district are detected in different epidemic periods. Recommendations 5-6 should be actively monitoring, focusing on EV71 caused by the accumulation of epidemic, vigilance of severe cases.