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目的探讨男男性行为人群(MSM)HIV危险行为的影响因素。方法以某社区36名MSM为对象,以行为量表测试和定性研究方法测定、分析并掌握该群体的HIV危险行为特点、社会环境状况及对危险性行为暴露的观点。采用Nvivo 8.0软件整理、分析采集的信息,并依照扎根理论对信息资料进行3级编码后进一步归纳和提取数据。结果 36名被调查人群的HIV危险度评分为8.08±2.46分,其中72%人群位于中分段(5~10分)、19%人群位于高分段(≥10分);其SSQ评分为32.38±5.99分,低于大学生和流动人群的评分。定性分析显示,该MSM群体HIV危险度的促进因素归属于11条关键信息和4个范畴,包括①对艾滋病的恐惧程度降低;②男性角色和不确定型性倾向;③社会支持度低;④在性行为发生环境,安全套可及性不够。结论 MSM人群的AIDS/HIV干预措施有待深入研究,基于AIDS恐惧体验、社会支持、安全套发放方法的社区干预模式需要加强。
Objective To explore the influencing factors of HIV risk behaviors in men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods A total of 36 MSMs in a community were enrolled in this study. Behavior scale tests and qualitative research methods were used to determine and analyze the characteristics of HIV risk behaviors, social conditions and exposure to dangerous behaviors in this community. Nvivo 8.0 software is used to organize and analyze the collected information, and the data are further summarized and extracted according to the grounded theory after the information materials are encoded in level 3. Results The HIV risk score of 36 respondents was 8.08 ± 2.46, of which 72% were in the middle segment (5-10 points) and 19% were in the high segment (≥10 points). The SSQ score was 32.38 ± 5.99 points, lower than the scores of college students and migrants. Qualitative analysis showed that the contributing factors of HIV risk in this MSM group were attributed to 11 key messages and 4 categories, including: (1) a decrease in the degree of fear of AIDS; (2) male roles and uncertain sexual orientation; (3) low social support; (4) In the context of sexual activity, condoms are not accessible enough. Conclusions AIDS / HIV interventions in MSM population need further study. Community intervention models based on AIDS fear experience, social support, and condom distribution methods need to be strengthened.