明代中期,劳动人民曾发动多次起义,以反抗地主阶级的压迫和剥削。以前,正统、成化、正德年间的起义多为人们所注视,嘉、隆年间的起义却少为人们所提起。有人在研究一条鞭法的产生时,越过后者,而直接以前者作为其重要背景,其原因就在于对后者不甚了了。实际上,嘉、隆年间不仅有轰轰烈烈的农民反抗斗争,而 In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the working people launched a number of uprisings against the oppression and exploitation of the landlord class. In the past, the uprisings during the orthodox, Chenghua and Zhengde years were mostly people’s attention. The uprisings between Jia and Long years were seldom raised. Some people are studying the production of a whip, crossing the latter, and directly to the former as its important background, the reason is that the latter is not quite. In fact, not only the vigorous peasant resistance struggle between Ka-Ch’ang and Lung-k’ung years has passed