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目的分析一起埃可30型病毒引起的学校病毒性脑膜炎暴发疫情的流行病学特征及可能的危险因素,为制定预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法采用现场流行病学调查收集病例情况和可能的传播途径等信息,采集相关标本进行PCR核酸检测,采用1∶2匹配病例对照研究方法探索可能的危险因素。结果共报告103例病例,罹患率4.6%,男女性别比2.03∶1,病例主要集中在三年级(72/103)。病例咽拭子、肛拭子肠道通用病毒RT-PCR检测81.5%(22/27)为阳性,其中7例PCR序列分析确定为埃可30型病毒。结论此次病毒性脑膜炎暴发疫情是由埃可30型病毒引起的,加强学校传染病防控知识培训、卫生宣教、晨检、因病缺课病因追查、登记和报告、病例隔离和疫点消毒工作对控制疫情十分重要。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and possible risk factors of an outbreak of viral encephalitis caused by EEC30 virus and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods Epidemiological survey was conducted to collect information on cases and possible routes of transmission. Relevant specimens were collected for PCR nucleic acid detection, and probable risk factors were explored using a 1: 2 matched case-control study. Results A total of 103 cases were reported with an attack rate of 4.6% and a male / female ratio of 2.03:1. The cases mainly concentrated in the third grade (72/103). A total of 81.5% (22/27) were positive for throat swabs and rectal swabs from rectal swabs, of which 7 were confirmed by PCR sequence analysis. Conclusions The outbreak of the viral meningitis was caused by EEC30 virus. The training of knowledge on prevention and control of infectious diseases in schools, health education, early screening, etiological investigation, registration and report of absence due to illness, case isolation and epidemic Disinfection work is very important to control the outbreak.