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为充分发挥空心短锥(hollow short taper,HSK)刀柄在高速切削中的应用潜能,分析了HSK刀柄在高速旋转过程中的失效形式,提出了在材料强度和夹紧力两方面的失效准则,综合考虑刀柄尺寸、过盈量、材料特性、离心力、拉杆拉力、切削力等因素的影响,基于弹塑性理论建立了HSK刀柄临界使用转速的理论计算模型。研究表明:理论计算结果与有限元分析结果具有较好的一致性。一般情况下,夹紧力不足是夹紧系统高速旋转失效的主要原因。临界转速计算模型的建立,可以提高高速旋转刀具夹紧的安全性,并为充分发挥HSK刀柄的高速潜能提供重要的技术依据。
In order to give full play to the potential application of hollow short taper (HSK) shank in high speed cutting, the failure modes of HSK shank during high speed rotation were analyzed, and the failure of HSK shank in terms of material strength and clamping force According to the elastic-plastic theory, the theoretical calculation model of the critical speed of HSK shank is established by considering the influence of shank size, interference, material characteristics, centrifugal force, pull rod tension and cutting force. The results show that the theoretical calculation results are in good agreement with the finite element analysis results. Under normal circumstances, the lack of clamping force is the main reason for failure of high-speed rotation of the clamping system. The establishment of the critical speed calculation model can improve the safety of high speed rotary tool clamping and provide an important technical basis for fully exploiting the high speed potential of the HSK shank.