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食管癌是世界八大高发恶性肿瘤之一，也是病死率极高的恶性肿瘤。我国是食管癌高发国家，也是食管癌病死率最高的国家。外科手术治疗为食管癌的常规治疗手段，同时也有放射治疗和化学治疗等辅助治疗手段。分子靶向药物治疗是在分子生物学和基因工程技术基础上发展的全新治疗手段，它具有靶点明确、特异性强等优点，结合传统外科手术治疗、放射治疗等能够为食管癌患者提供优质的治疗方案。“,”Esophageal cancer is one of the world′s eight cancers of high incidence,which has very high mortality too.In China esophageal cancer has not only a high incidence,but also the highest mortality.Surgi-cal treatment is the routine treatment of esophageal cancer,while there are radiation therapy,chemotherapy and other adjuvant therapies.Molecular targeted therapy is a new treatment method developed from molecular biology and genetic engineering techniques.It is featured with clear target,high specificity,etc.which can provide quality treatment programs combined with traditional surgery ,radiation therapy for esophageal cancer patients.