回顾了近十年海气相互作用统计估计方法研究的最新进展,重点介绍广义平衡反馈分析方法(GEFA)。该方法用于系统分离不同海区对气候异常的独立贡献。它的优越性在简单模式中得到了验证。在实际观测应用中,GEFA结果不仅验证了前人的一些研究成果,例如热带太平洋ENSO模对北美降水的影响等,还揭示了一些新的物理现象,像热带印度洋对热带太平洋海温异常强迫的干扰等。这些研究结果表明GEFA已成为海气相互作用研究中一种新的有效统计工具。 The latest progress in the research on methods of statistical estimation of ocean-air interaction in recent ten years is reviewed, with emphasis on the GEFA (GEFA). This method is used to systematically separate the independent contribution of different sea areas to climate anomalies. Its superiority has been validated in simple mode. In practice, the GEFA results not only validate some previous research results, such as the impact of the tropical Pacific ENSO model on precipitation in North America, but also reveal some new physical phenomena such as tropical Indian Ocean anomalous forcing of the SSTA Interference and so on. These findings indicate that GEFA has become a new and effective statistical tool in the study of air-sea interaction.