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为了揭示连续施用炭基肥及生物炭条件下棕壤有机氮组分的变化情况,本文基于田间定位试验,研究了连续定位施用炭基肥及生物炭对棕壤有机氮组分的影响。试验共设置5个处理:不施肥、低量生物炭、高量生物炭、氮磷钾配施、炭基肥。于2014年花生收获后每个小区按“S”型设置3个采样点,采集0~20、20~40 cm的土壤样本,利用Branmer有机氮分组方法对土壤有机氮组分进行测定与分析。结果表明:经过连续4年的不同施肥处理,不同处理土壤全氮含量均有所提升;炭基肥处理土壤全氮含量显著高于原始土和CK处理,增幅分别达到69.8%、4.8%;不同施肥处理中有机氮各组分的含量顺序为酸解铵态氮>氨基酸态氮>非酸解氮>酸解未知态氮>氨基糖态氮;施用炭基肥显著增加了土壤酸解有机氮中酸解铵态氮、氨基酸态氮的含量,与原始土相比增加了65.9%、128.0%;随着生物炭用量的增加,酸解铵态氮含量处于增加趋势,但增加幅度远低于等碳投入的炭基肥处理;对于未知态氮、非酸解有机氮总量无论施用生物炭、氮磷钾化肥或炭基肥均提高了其含量,但各处理间差异不显著;连续施用炭基肥或生物炭显著提高了土壤酸解有机氮中酸解铵态氮和氨基酸态氮的含量,促进了氮素的活化,有利于花生中低产田氮素的吸收和运转。
In order to reveal the changes of organic nitrogen components in brown soil under continuous application of carbon-based fertilizers and biochar, the effects of continuous application of carbon-based fertilizers and biochar on organic nitrogen components in brown soil were studied based on field experiments. The experiment set a total of five treatments: no fertilization, low amount of biochar, high amount of biochar, NPK fertilizer, carbon-based fertilizer. After harvesting peanuts in 2014, each plot was set up with 3 sampling points of “S” type to collect soil samples of 0-20, 20-40 cm. The soil organic nitrogen fraction was determined by Branmer method analysis. The results showed that after four years of different fertilization treatments, total nitrogen content of different treatments increased; total nitrogen content of carbon-based fertilization treatments was significantly higher than that of primary and CK treatments, with the increase rates reaching 69.8% and 4.8% respectively; The order of the contents of organic nitrogen in the treatment was ammonium acid hydrolysis> amino acid nitrogen> non-acid solution nitrogen> acid hydrolysis unknown nitrogen> amino sugar nitrogen; application of carbon-based fertilizer significantly increased soil acid hydrolysis of organic nitrogen acid The contents of ammonium nitrogen and amino acid nitrogen in soil were increased by 65.9% and 128.0% compared with the original soil, respectively. With the increase of biochar content, the content of ammonium nitrogen in acidification was increasing, In the case of unknown nitrogen, the total amount of non-acidoluble organic nitrogen increased with the application of biochar, NPK fertilizers or carbon-based fertilizers, but the differences were not significant among the treatments. Continuous application of carbon-based fertilizers or organisms Carbon significantly increased the content of ammonium and amino acid nitrogen in acid solution of soil organic acid nitrogen, promoted the activation of nitrogen and was beneficial to the absorption and operation of nitrogen in medium and low yield peanut.