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目的了解北京大兴农村地区老年糖尿病(DM)和空腹血糖受损(IFG)发生的情况和特点。方法纳入大兴长子营地区60岁以上人群3036例,通过问卷调查统计糖尿病知晓以及治疗情况、吸烟情况、检查身高和体重,计算体重指数(BMI=体重/身高2);水银血压计测量血压;酶法检测空腹血糖、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、血尿酸(UA);直接法检测高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、改良苦味酸法检测血肌酐(Cr);全自动血液分析仪测定白细胞总数(WBC)和血小板总数(PLT)。结果纳入人群中IFG患者358例、DM患者712例,DM的知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为64.10%、61.10%和19.94%。DM患者、IFG患者与血糖正常人群的BMI、血压、TC水平均无差异;与血糖正常的人群相比,IFG和DM患者吸烟指数更高,TG、LDL-C、UA、WBC、PLT水平升高(P<0.05),DM患者TG高于IFG患者,HDL-C水平低于正常血糖人群。结论①大兴长子营地区老年T2DM知晓率和治疗率较高,但控制率较低;②老年T2DM患者较正常血糖人群心血管危险因素更多;③IFG期心血管危险因素与T2DM接近。
Objective To understand the situation and characteristics of diabetes mellitus (DM) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in rural Daxing, Beijing. Methods A total of 3 036 cases were included in the population of over 60 years old in Changzhengying district of Daxing. BMI (body weight / height 2) was calculated by questionnaire survey of diabetes awareness, treatment, smoking status, height and weight. Blood pressure was measured by mercury sphygmomanometer. Fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and serum uric acid (UA) were measured by real-time quantitative real-time PCR. HDL-C and LDL- The serum creatinine (Cr) was measured by picric acid method; the total white blood cell count (WBC) and total platelet count (PLT) were measured by automatic hematology analyzer. Results 358 IFG patients and 712 DM patients were included in the population. The awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of DM were 64.10%, 61.10% and 19.94% respectively. There were no differences in BMI, blood pressure and TC levels between DM patients, IFG patients and normal blood glucose groups, and smoking indexes of IFG and DM patients were higher than those with normal blood glucose levels. TG, LDL-C, UA, WBC and PLT (P <0.05). The TG of DM patients was higher than that of IFG patients, and the level of HDL-C was lower than that of normal blood glucose people. Conclusion ① The awareness rate and treatment rate of elderly T2DM in Changzhengying district of Daxing are higher but the rate of control is lower; ② The cardiovascular risk factors are more in T2DM elderly patients than in normal blood glucose; ③The cardiovascular risk factors in IFG are similar to T2DM.