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在牛的育种实践和科学研究中,正确的系谱记录是准确估计育种值、提高遗传进展的基础,是研究各性状分子机理的重要保证。而在生产实践中,由于各种原因,系谱错误在所难免,因此亲子鉴定作为纠正系谱错误的重要方法是育种实践和科研中不可或缺的研究内容。目前用于牛亲子鉴定的标记主要是微卫星标记(SSR)和单核苷酸多态性(SNP)标记。作为第三代分子标记,SNP标记具有数量丰富、遗传稳定、判型错误率低、操作方便、检测自动化的优点,非常适合用于大规模群体的亲子鉴定。随着SNP检测成本的降低,在牛亲子鉴定中有取代微卫星标记之势。
In cattle breeding practice and scientific research, the correct pedigree record is the basis for accurate estimation of breeding value and improvement of genetic progress, and is an important guarantee for studying the molecular mechanism of each trait. In the production practice, due to various reasons, pedigree errors are inevitable. Therefore, paternity testing as an important method to correct pedigree errors is an indispensable research content in breeding practice and research. Currently used for paternity testing of cattle are mainly microsatellite markers (SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. As the third generation of molecular markers, SNP markers have the advantages of abundant quantity, stable inheritance, low false positive rate, convenient operation and automatic detection, and are very suitable for large-scale paternity testing. With the decrease of SNP detection cost, there is a potential to replace microsatellite markers in the paternity testing of cattle.