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近年来人们对离子液体的兴趣不断增长。室温离子液体是一类熔点在室温附近的熔融盐,以其显著的特性在电化学、有机合成、催化、分离等领域被广泛应用。离子液体与氟化学紧密相关,离子液体中含有多种氟阴离子的烷基铵盐、咪唑盐等的合成、性质以及应用已经得到研究。离子液体的阴阳离子中氟原子数量和位置的不同,使离子液体具有不同的性质,如耐水性、耐温性、粘度、密度、表面张力、液体范围、导电性等。含氟的离子液体是离子液体的主要品种,它们凭借良好的可设计性和绿色环保的特点在当今化工工程的绿色化进程中显示出巨大的潜力和广阔的应用前景。
Interest in ionic liquids has been growing in recent years. Room temperature ionic liquids are a class of molten salts with melting point near room temperature. They are widely used in the fields of electrochemistry, organic synthesis, catalysis, separation and the like due to their remarkable properties. Ionic liquids are closely related to fluorine chemistry. The synthesis, properties, and applications of alkylammonium salts, imidazolium salts and the like containing various fluoride anions in ionic liquids have been studied. Ionic liquids anion and cation in the number and location of different fluorine atoms, ionic liquids have different properties, such as water resistance, temperature resistance, viscosity, density, surface tension, liquid range, conductivity and so on. Fluorinated ionic liquids are the main varieties of ionic liquids. They show great potential and broad application prospects in the greening process of today’s chemical engineering due to their good designability and green features.