介孔材料具有高的比表面积、高的孔体积、均一可调的孔径、有序的孔道结构以及易于表面功能化等优点,可广泛用于酶的固定化。介孔材料中酶的固定化方法主要包括物理吸附、物理包埋和化学吸附。综述了介孔材料中不同固定化酶方法的优缺点、酶的固定化影响因素及固定化酶的应用,并对固定化酶的发展前景进行了展望。 Mesoporous materials with high specific surface area, high pore volume, uniformly adjustable pore size, ordered pore structure and easy surface functionalization can be widely used in enzyme immobilization. Enzyme immobilization methods in mesoporous materials include physical adsorption, physical entrapment and chemisorption. The advantages and disadvantages of different immobilized enzymes in mesoporous materials, the influencing factors of enzyme immobilization and the application of immobilized enzymes are reviewed. The prospects of the development of immobilized enzymes are also discussed.