Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults, which accounts for approximately 50% of all gliomas. Its prognosis is particularly disappointing with a median life expectancy less than a year even when the patients are treated with the most aggressive regimens.1 Over the past 10 years, a number of trials have tried to establish whether adjuvant chemotherapy, as well as molecularly targeted therapy, provides GBM patients with clinically meaningful benefits.