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目前,外科手术切除仍是胃肠道间质瘤(gastrointestinalstromal tumor,GIST)的根治性治疗方法,随着受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂伊马替尼(格列卫)的成功应用,该疾病已成为现代实体肿瘤靶向药物治疗的经典模型。GIST的生物学特征复杂,很难用传统的良、恶性加以区分,目前一般认为该肿瘤均具有潜在恶性倾向,而高度恶性的GIST术后极易复发或转移。GIST最常见的转移方式为腹腔内直接播散及经血行转移至肝脏。不同于胃肠道上皮源性肿瘤的是,GIST很少发生淋巴结转移,国内外文献中偶见报道,其发生率为1%～4%。
Currently, surgical resection is still a radical treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). With the successful application of the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib (Gleevec), the disease Has become the classic model of modern solid tumor targeted drug therapy. The biological characteristics of GIST are complex and difficult to distinguish with the traditional benign and malignant. It is generally considered that the tumor has a potential malignant tendency, while the highly malignant GIST can easily recur or metastasize. The most common mode of metastasis to GIST is direct intraperitoneal dissemination and blood transfusion to the liver. Unlike epithelial tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, GISTs rarely undergo lymph node metastases and are occasionally reported in the literature both at home and abroad, with an incidence of 1% to 4%.