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护士在甲状腺机能低下症(简称甲低)中的作用包括发现和估测病情,给予生理和精神支持,执行治疗计划,教育病人;而要完成上述工作,便需要了解甲状腺功能及甲低的病因、表现、后果和有关诊断试验、治疗的护理知识。甲状腺生理甲状腺产生T_3和T_4,两者调节机体组织的代谢活动。T_4即甲状腺素,又称左旋甲状腺素或LT_4;T_3为三碘甲状腺氨酸或LT_3。T_4与T_3在血循环中的比值正常为20:1。T_3作用较强,T_4可转变为T_3。两者均由蛋白质和碘合成。甲状腺激素的分泌受下视丘-垂体-甲状腺轴控制,寒冷和紧张可刺激下视丘分泌促甲状腺素释放激素(TSR),使垂体释放促甲状腺素(TSH),后者刺激甲状腺分泌T_3、T_4。循环甲状腺激素水平有调节TSH作用:前者低时TSH分泌增多,反之则TSH
The role of nurses in hypothyroidism includes the detection and assessment of illness, the provision of physical and mental support, the implementation of treatment plans, and the education of patients; to do so, one needs to understand the causes of thyroid function and hypothyroidism , Performance, consequences and knowledge related to diagnostic tests, treatment of care. Thyroid physiology The thyroid produces T_3 and T_4, both of which regulate the metabolic activity of body tissues. T_4 that thyroxine, also known as levothyroxine or LT_4; T_3 triiodothyronine or LT_3. The ratio of T_4 to T_3 in the blood circulation is 20: 1. T_3 strong role, T_4 can be transformed into T_3. Both are made of protein and iodine. Thyroid hormone secretion by the hypothalamus - pituitary - thyroid axis control, cold and tension can stimulate the hypothalamus secretion of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSR), the release of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), which stimulate thyroid secretion of T_3, T_4. Circulating thyroid hormone levels have the role of regulating TSH: the former TSH secretion increased low, otherwise TSH