在俄语教学中,长期以来采用了阅读翻译为中心的传统教学法,强调培养阅读技能和熟巧。但现代心理语言学认为,阅读是一种复杂的、主动思维的心理活动,阅读过程中需要多种因素起作用,仅靠阅读技能和熟巧是远远不够的。要达到对阅读材料的真正理解,必须具备对篇章的宏观把握能力、对篇章的语言分析能力、对篇章的深层理解能力以及阅读策略与技巧的运用能力等。 In Russian teaching, the traditional method of reading-centered translation has long been used, emphasizing the development of reading skills and sophistication. However, in modern psycholinguistics, reading is a kind of complex and active mental activity. It requires a lot of factors in the process of reading. It is not enough to rely on reading skill and skill. To achieve a true understanding of the reading material, we must have the ability to grasp the macroscopic level of the discourse, the ability of language analysis of the discourse, the ability of deep understanding of the discourse and the utilization of reading strategies and techniques.