一、分层法。即背书时要弄清文章的行文层次、来龙去脉,一部分一部分地进行板块记诵。如《过秦论》第三自然段,第一层写统一中国,第二层写开拓疆土,先南后北;第三层写暴政手段,有三个并列分句,包括焚书、毁城、毁兵器;第四层写防卫措施;最后写如意打算。作者用了“乃”、“于是”、“然后”等关联词语,层层推进,写出了秦始皇盛极之势。这样,在理解文章结构层次的基础上分层熟读,边想边背,就可以一气呵成。二、诵听法。将“听人读”与“自己背”结合起来,交替进行,通过多种感官,获得背诵效果。其程序一般是:一组同学朗读,其余三组同学静听,朗读时尽量不看书,颇似电视台播音员。这样轮回几次,绝大多数同学能收到预期效果。这因为:一是学生朗读有一定的间隔时间,不像连续朗读神经活动的兴奋性低,容易产生抑制;二是利用听觉参与记忆,使 First, layered method. That is, when recognizing an endorsement, it is necessary to clarify the level and context of the article, and the ins and outs of the article are recorded in part and in part. For example, in the third paragraph of the “Theory on the Qin Dynasty”, the first layer was written to unify China, the second layer was written to open up the territory, and the first was to the south; the third layer was to write tyranny, and there were three parallel clauses, including burning books, ruining the city, Destroy weapons; write defense measures on the fourth floor; finally write a wishful plan. The author used related words such as “Nai”, “Yi-Yi”, “Then” and so on. He pushed forward and wrote the trend of Qin Shihuang’s prosperity. In this way, understanding the level of the structure of the article on the basis of layered reading, while thinking about the edge, you can go all in one. Second, listen to the law. Combining “listen to people” with “self back”, alternately, through a variety of senses, to achieve memorizing effect. The procedure is generally: a group of students read aloud, and the other three groups of students listened quietly. When reading aloud, they did not read as much as possible, which resembled television broadcasters. This round of several times, the vast majority of students can receive the desired results. This is because: First, students have a certain amount of time in reading aloud, unlike the continuous excitement of reading aloud nerve activity, which is prone to inhibition; the second is the use of auditory participation in memory, so that