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树干茎流作为林冠层降雨截留再分配过程中的重要组成部分,影响着土壤-植物-大气连续体(SPAC)中不同尺度和圈层间的水分和养分循环的速度与方向,对荒漠地区灌木的生存和生长具有深远影响,对于土壤养分的溶解、利用,土壤水、地下水的循环与补给,土壤侵蚀过程等方面都有重要意义。本文系统总结了近年来荒漠地区灌木树干茎流研究的主要手段与方法,对影响树干茎流形成的主要因素、形成过程、变化趋势进行了具体论述,对主要的荒漠灌木树种树干茎流经验模型进行了归纳,并具体分析了树干茎流在生态水文学方面研究意义及主要进展。针对荒漠树干茎流尚有以下方面的问题需要进一步深入研究:(1)不同灌木树干茎流的形成过程、主要影响因素及其相互作用机制;(2)树干茎流集水系统的空间结构配置特征和降雨径流作用机制;(3)树干茎流补给在荒漠地区群落格局形成以及演替中的作用机理、荒漠植被特征与动态对截留、树干茎流、蒸散发以及入渗过程的反馈机制等。
The stem-stem flow, as an important part of rainfall interception and redistribution in forest canopy, affects the speed and direction of water and nutrient cycling at different scales and spheres in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC) Has a far-reaching impact on the survival and growth of soil nutrients for the dissolution and utilization of soil nutrients, soil water, groundwater circulation and recharge, soil erosion process are important. This paper systematically summarizes the main methods and methods of stem flow research in shrubs in desert regions in recent years, and discusses the main factors that affect the stem flow formation, the formation process and the changing trend. The main stem sap flow empirical models of desert shrub species Summarized and summarized the research significance and major progress of the trunk stem flow in ecohydrology. The following problems need to be further studied for the stem flow of the desert trunk: (1) the formation process of the stem flow, the main influencing factors and the interaction mechanism among the different shrub stems; (2) the spatial structure of the stem stem flow catchment system Characteristics and mechanisms of rainfall runoff; (3) mechanism of trunk stem flow recharge in the formation and succession of community pattern in desert regions, the feedback mechanism of desert vegetation characteristics and dynamics on interception, stem flow, evapotranspiration and infiltration process .