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目的探讨广安市中学教师失眠的现状及其影响因素。方法随机整群抽取广安市中学教师477名,采用职业紧张量表(OSI-R)和阿森斯失眠量表(AIS)进行问卷调查。结果 AIS总分为(6.0±4.2)分,其中总睡眠时间不足(0.91分)、入睡时间延迟(0.86分)和总睡眠质量(0.84分)3个条目得分位居前3位;43.3%的调查对象有失眠症状。不同特征失眠情况比较发现,职称和月收入低者失眠率(分别为53.4%和52.6%)明显高于职称和月收入高者(分别为35.9%和33.5%)(P<0.05);初中教师失眠率(50.8%)明显高于高中教师(40.3%)(P<0.05)。AIS总分与职业任务及个体紧张反应呈正相关(P<0.05),与个体应对资源呈负相关(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析发现,研究组失眠的主要影响因素是低月收入、高个体紧张反应及缺乏个体应对资源(P<0.05)。结论广安市中学教师睡眠质量较差,失眠率为43.3%;提高工资待遇、增强个体应对资源及缓解个体紧张反应是降低失眠率的有效措施。
Objective To explore the status quo of insomnia among high school teachers in Guang’an and its influencing factors. Methods A total of 477 middle school teachers in Guang’an city were randomized to receive a questionnaire survey using OSI-R and AIS. Results The total score of AIS was (6.0 ± 4.2) points, with the total scores of sleep time less than 0.91, sleep time delay of 0.86 and total sleep quality of 0.84 were the top three scores, 43.3% Subjects insomnia symptoms. Compared with different characteristics of insomnia, insomnia rates (53.4% and 52.6%, respectively) with professional title and monthly income were significantly higher than those with high titles and monthly income (35.9% and 33.5%, respectively) (P <0.05) The rate of insomnia (50.8%) was significantly higher than that of high school teachers (40.3%) (P <0.05). The AIS score was positively correlated with occupational tasks and individual stress (P <0.05), but negatively correlated with individual coping resources (P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis found that the main influencing factors of insomnia were low monthly income, high individual stress response and lack of individual coping resources (P <0.05). Conclusions The quality of sleep in middle school teachers in Guang’an City is poor, and the rate of insomnia is 43.3%. It is an effective measure to reduce the rate of insomnia by increasing the salary, enhancing the individual resources and alleviating the stress response.