(一)清代入关后的第一位皇帝顺治,六岁登基,二十四岁去世,在位十八年,亲政时间不长,其作为却不同凡响。一个从关外经济、文化都相对落后的少数民族地区入主中原的统治者,面对繁华的大千世界,并没有像李自成们那样眼花缭乱、贪恋享受,迅速地腐化下去,而是艰苦奋斗、励精图治,很快就平定了战乱,稳定了国家。这其中,孝庄皇太后的辅佐,多尔衮等一批战将的赞襄,以及一些汉大臣的谋划,确实起到了决定性作用。但是年轻的顺治皇帝,刻苦读书学习,精心研究汉族的传统文化,执政后一心一意治理国家,从不为吃喝玩乐的事情分心,也是其中的重要原因。他大刀阔斧地裁撤宫中太监,一方面严禁太监干政,一方面削减了宫中的开支。他接受大臣们的劝阻,为节省开支,延迟了去盛京的谒陵活动。在他的遗诏中,对他心爱的董鄂妃丧礼花费过大,作了深刻的检讨,并对未能遵从先祖的“淳朴旧制”,进行了反省。 (1) Junichiroh, the first emperor after the Qing Dynasty’s entry into the country, passed away at the age of sixteen and died at the age of twenty-four. His eighteen years of reign have not brought a long period of pro-independence politics. In the face of the prosperous world, the rulers who came into the Central Plains from areas of ethnic minorities whose economic and cultural backgrounds are relatively backward in customs do not dazzle, enjoy and rapidly corrupt as Li Zicheng did. Instead, they work hard, It soon settled the war and stabilized the country. Among them, Xiao Zhuang empress dowager adjuvant, Dorgon and a number of battles like Zan Xiang, as well as some of the Han minister’s plan, did play a decisive role. However, the Emperor Shunzhi, a young Emperor, hard-pressed to study hard and carefully study the traditional culture of the Han nationality. After being in power, he wholeheartedly governed the country and never distracted from eating and drinking. This is also an important reason for this. He drastically abolished the palace eunuchs, on the one hand, to prohibit eunuchs dry governance, on the one hand cut the expenses in the palace. He accepted the ministers discouraged, in order to save money, delayed the Shengjing pagoda activities. In his excerpts, he conducted a profound review of his beloved Emperors Emperors funeral ceremony and conducted an in-depth review of the “simple old system” that failed to comply with his ancestors.