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目的:探讨支气管哮喘合并肺炎支原体感染患儿血清炎性因子和免疫功能的变化及临床意义。方法:选择温岭市妇幼保健院2019年3月至2020年3月收治的支气管哮喘合并肺炎支原体感染患儿78例作为观察组；另选择温岭市妇幼保健院2019年3月至2020年3月收治的单纯小儿支气管哮喘无肺炎支原体感染患儿50例作为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附法测定两组患儿炎性因子，包括肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素8(IL-8)和白细胞介素13(IL-13)水平；采用免疫散射比浊法测定两组患儿免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)和免疫球蛋白M(IgM)水平；采用流式细胞术测定外周血T淋巴细胞亚群变化。结果:观察组患儿血清TNF-α[(76.42±16.51)ng/L]、IL-8[(130.92±25.45)ng/L]和IL-13[(172.35±28.39)ng/L]均高于对照组[(58.93±13.24)ng/L、(89.65±17.42)ng/L和(108.47±21.42)ng/L](n t＝6.708、11.025、14.665，均n P<0.05)；观察组患儿血清IgA[(0.64±0.16)g/L]、IgG[(7.31±1.26)g/L]均低于对照组[(1.04±0.19)g/L、(8.64±1.35)g/L]，而血清IgM[(1.29±0.24)g/L]高于对照组[(0.97±0.18)g/L](n t＝12.587、5.864、8.714，均n P<0.05)；观察组CDn 3＋[(62.08±3.87)%]、CDn 4＋[(38.98±3.31)%]和CDn 4＋/CDn 8＋[(1.29±0.13)]均低于对照组[(71.38±4.35)%、(45.37±3.18)%和(1.87±0.25)](n t＝12.549、11.103、15.512，均n P<0.05)。n 结论:支气管哮喘合并肺炎支原体感染患儿存在明显炎性反应，且免疫功能低下。“,”Objective:To investigate the changes of inflammatory factors and immune function in bronchial asthma children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.Methods:From March 2019 to March 2020, 78 children with bronchial asthma and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in Wenling Maternal and Child Health Hospital were selected as observation group, and 50 bronchial asthma children without Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection during the same period were selected as control group.The levels of inflammatory factors, including tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-8(IL-8) and interleukin-13(IL-13), immunoglobulin A(IgA), immunoglobulin G(IgG) and immunoglobulin M(IgM) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the changes of T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood were measured by flow cytometry.Results:The serum levels of TNF-α[(76.42±16.51)ng/L], IL-8 [(130.92±25.45)ng/L] and IL-13 [(172.35±28.39)ng/L] in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(58.93±13.24)ng/L, (89.65±17.42)ng/L and (108.47±21.42)ng/L] (n t=6.708, 11.025, 14.665, all n P<0.05). The serum levels of IgA [(0.64±0.16)g/L] and IgG [(7.31±1.26)g/L] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(1.04±0.19)g/L and (8.64±1.35)g/L], while the serum level of IgM [(1.29±0.24)g/L] was higher than that in the control group [(0.97±0.18)g/L] (n t=12.587, 5.864, 8.714, all n P<0.05). The CDn 3+ [(62.08±3.87)%], CDn 4+ [(38.98±3.31)%] and CDn 4+ /CDn 8+ (1.29±0.13) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(71.38±4.35)%, (45.37±3.18)% and (1.87±0.25)] (n t=12.549, 11.103, 15.512, all n P<0.05).n Conclusion:Children with bronchial asthma and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection have obvious inflammatory reaction and low immune function.