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目的探讨小儿反复呼吸道感染(recurrent respiratory tract infections,RRTI)患儿微量元素及免疫指标水平。方法选择2013年1月—2015年1月收治的58例RRTI患儿作为RRTI组,选择同期体检健康儿童58例作为对照组。两组均进行微量元素、免疫球蛋白、补体及血常规、维生素D含量检测。计量资料采用t检验,计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 RRTI组血锌、镁、Ig G、Ig A水平分别为(38.28±10.72)μmol/L、(1.24±0.65)mmol/L、(8.18±3.01)、(2.27±0.89)μg/L,均低于对照组的(53.74±11.85)μmol/L、(1.52±0.71)mmol/L、(11.12±2.21)、(2.91±0.85)μg/L,RRTI组血铅、C3水平分别为(65.45±34.6)、(0.69±0.28)μg/L,均高于对照组的(48.12±14.38)、(0.65±0.26)μg/L,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。RRTI组贫血发生率、25-(OH)2-Vit D3含量低于正常发生率分别为39.7%、11.8%,均高于对照组的3.4%、8.6%,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论加强早产儿、低体重儿等高危儿童的管理,营养失衡或缺乏、机体免疫功能低下或缺陷及环境因素是RRTI发生的主要因素。
Objective To investigate the levels of trace elements and immune indexes in children with recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTI). Methods From January 2013 to January 2015, 58 patients with RRTI admitted to the hospital were selected as the RRTI group and 58 healthy children were selected as the control group during the same period. Two groups were carried out trace elements, immunoglobulin, complement and blood, vitamin D detection. Measurement data using t test, count data using χ2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results The levels of Zinc, Magnesium, Ig G and IgA in RRTI group were (38.28 ± 10.72) μmol / L, (1.24 ± 0.65) mmol / L, (8.18 ± 3.01) and (2.27 ± 0.89) μg / L respectively (53.74 ± 11.85) μmol / L, (1.52 ± 0.71) mmol / L, (11.12 ± 2.21) and (2.91 ± 0.85) μg / L respectively in the control group. The levels of blood lead and C3 in RRTI group were (65.45 ± 34.6 and 0.69 ± 0.28 μg / L, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group (48.12 ± 14.38 and 0.65 ± 0.26) μg / L, respectively (all P <0.05). RRTI anemia, 25- (OH) 2-Vit D3 levels were lower than the normal incidence of 39.7%, 11.8%, were higher than the control group, 3.4%, 8.6%, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Strengthening management, malnutrition or lack of nutrition, low or defective immune function, and environmental factors in high-risk infants with preterm and low birth weight infants are the major factors in RRTI.