<正> 语言学家乔姆斯基认为,任何一句话都具有两个结构层次(levels of speech),其一为“表层结构”(Surface Structure),即:One Stracture is that of the sentence as it is pronounced or writing.其二为“深层结构”(deep structure),即:Structure contains all the units and relationships that are necessary for interpreting the meaning of sentence.一个跃子纸上的句子,其表层结构中的表层意义(surface meaning),一目了然,而句子的真正内涵,或深层意义(deep meaning),则需要从不同的侧重点,不同的语境进行深入地考究。人们看到“Woman”一词,反映到头脑里不仅是“妇女”或“结过婚的成年女子”,还会从妇女的社会地位,特点,本质中得出更深层的理解:’frail(脆弱的),“prone to tears”(爱哭),“emotional”(易动感情的),“gentle”